How We Research Car Insurance Costs
Where every number on Covered Route comes from, why published rates disagree so much, and how we turn them into the ranges you see.
Two kinds of information, two standards
Every guide mixes two very different kinds of information, and we handle them differently:
- Legal requirements — minimum liability limits, how long an SR-22 or FR-44 filing lasts, which states don't use SR-22 at all. These are facts set by law, so they come from the state itself: the DMV, department of public safety, department of insurance, or the statute. Where we state a requirement, the official source is listed on the page.
- Rate estimates — what a teen, a senior, or a driver with a DUI typically pays. No single official number exists for these. They come from published third-party rate studies, and we present them as ranges, never as a quote.
Where rate estimates come from
The large rate-comparison publishers don't make their numbers up either: most license premium data built from insurers' own rate filings with state regulators, or use quotes from their own marketplaces, and then average them for a sample driver profile. We read those published results, along with smaller publishers and industry sources, and list every one we used at the bottom of the guide with the month we accessed it.
We don't have access to insurers' rating systems and we don't collect quotes. That's a deliberate trade-off: we can't tell you your exact price, but we can show you what the published data actually says and where it disagrees.
Why published rates disagree
It's common for two reputable sites to publish figures for the "same" driver that differ by 50% or more. That usually isn't an error — they are measuring different things. The biggest reasons:
| Difference | Why it moves the number |
|---|---|
| Sample driver profile | Age, vehicle, credit tier, and driving history of the "average" driver vary by source. |
| Coverage level | State-minimum liability can cost a fraction of full coverage with 100/300/100 limits. |
| Average vs. median | A few very expensive quotes pull an average up; a median ignores them. |
| Monthly vs. annual | Some sources quote per month, some per year, some per six-month term. |
| Which insurers are included | Adding or dropping one high-priced or low-priced carrier shifts the result. |
| Data date | Premiums have moved sharply year to year; a figure from last year can be well off today. |
How we turn sources into a range
- Normalize units. Annual and six-month figures are converted to a monthly figure so sources can be compared.
- Note the profile. When a source publishes its sample driver and coverage level, we say so next to the figure.
- Show the spread. Where sources disagree, we publish the low-to-high range instead of picking one number and presenting it as exact.
- Compare publishers directly when we can. Where at least three publishers give figures for the same driver profile, we show them side by side as a Covered Route Consensus Range, with each source's method, instead of blending them into one number.
- Round honestly. Figures are shown with a "~" because they are estimates; we don't add false precision.
What the dates on a guide mean
- Published — when the guide first went live.
- Updated — the last time we changed a figure, requirement, or source on the guide. Layout or navigation tweaks don't count.
- Requirements verified — the date we last checked the page's legal requirements (filing type, required limits, how long a filing lasts) against the official state source: the DMV, department of insurance, or the statute itself. It covers requirements only, not rate estimates. Pages without this date haven't been through that check yet.
- Accessed (in the sources list) — the month we read each source. If a source publishes new figures after that, our range may lag until we re-check it.
Who writes and reviews the guides
Guides are researched and written by Iker, the founder of Covered Route. Iker is not a licensed insurance agent. Guides are not currently reviewed by a licensed insurance professional; if that changes, the reviewer will be named on each guide they review, with a license number you can look up.
What we don't do
- We don't invent figures, testimonials, or "customer stories."
- We don't show "quotes from $X" — we don't have quotes, so that would be misleading.
- We don't sell insurance, collect your contact details, or sell leads to agents.
- We don't accept payment from insurers to rank them or change a figure.
Corrections
If a figure is out of date, a requirement has changed, or a source has been superseded, tell us via the contact page. Corrections to legal requirements are checked against the official state source before we change the page.
Changelog
- September 24, 2026 — Added a DUI cost calculator for Texas, California and Florida: fines and fees verified against state law (including Texas's $3,000/$6,000 DWI traffic fine from HB 2048), plus the insurance increase from our three-publisher comparison. Court-set and program costs are left for the user to enter.
- September 24, 2026 — Added an SR-22/FR-44 end date calculator covering the 9 states with verified filing rules (SR-22, FR-44, or — for North Carolina, which uses neither — its DL-123 equivalent). It runs entirely in the browser and flags where a DMV doesn't state the start date.
- September 24, 2026 — Published the first Covered Route Consensus Range: full-coverage premiums after a DUI in seven states from Insurify, MoneyGeek and Insurance.com, side by side. DUI guides link to it; reckless driving guides now note how often insurers price reckless driving and DUI identically.
- September 24, 2026 — Added a 65-to-75 age comparison to all seven senior guides (CarInsurance.com state data next to Insure.com national averages). We didn't create separate 70+/80+ pages: we found no state with three sources for those ages, and no published state data for drivers 80 and older.
- September 24, 2026 — Published teen-rates-by-age pages for Texas, California and Pennsylvania, the states where we found at least three published sources with age-specific figures. Each shows Insurify, Insure.com and MoneyGeek side by side, normalized to monthly, with each source's profile explained.
- September 24, 2026 — Published DUI-under-21 guides for California, Texas, Florida, Virginia and Ohio from each state's statutes and DMV/DPS/BMV pages. Teen and DUI guides in those states now link to them.
- September 24, 2026 — Added driving-without-insurance guides for Virginia, Arizona, Ohio and New Jersey from each state's statutes and DMV/BMV/MVC pages. The New Jersey penalties are quoted from the statute text reproduced in a 2024 bill, and the page says so.
- September 24, 2026 — Published driving-with-a-suspended-license guides for Texas, California, Florida, Virginia and Georgia from each state's statutes and DMV/DPS materials. We found no comparable rate data for this violation, so these pages don't estimate one, and where we couldn't retrieve an official statute's penalty amounts we left them out.
- September 24, 2026 — Published reckless driving guides for Virginia, California, Florida and Georgia. Penalties and points come from each state's statutes and DMV materials; rate tables are Insurance.com's per-insurer figures, with percentage changes calculated by us.
- September 24, 2026 — Published driving-without-insurance guides for Texas, California, Florida, Georgia and Nevada. Penalties come from each state's statutes and DMV pages; rate effects are MoneyGeek's national lapse estimates, labeled as such.
- September 24, 2026 — Published filing guides for Georgia, North Carolina, Arizona, Nevada and New Jersey from each state's DMV pages and statutes. The SR-22 reference now notes that Georgia uses an SR-22A and New Jersey's MVC doesn't list an SR-22.
- September 24, 2026 — Published SR-22/FR-44 requirement guides for Texas, California, Ohio, Florida and Virginia, each built from the state's DMV pages and statutes.
- September 24, 2026 — Checked the legal requirements on the 14 teen and senior guides against official state sources. Corrected Ohio (the law does require a senior discount, at 60+ after an accident prevention course; it does not require a good-student discount), Virginia (removed an unsupported claim that the DMV notifies insurers at 75), Pennsylvania (1,900 drivers re-examined per month; the rule on minors' own policies is general contract law, not a Pennsylvania-specific ban), California (70+ renewal wording now matches the DMV; the 55+ course discount is required by law), Florida (the 55+ course discount is set by statute), and New York (license expiration wording).
- September 24, 2026 — Checked the legal requirements on the seven DUI guides and the SR-22 reference against official state sources. Corrected Virginia's FR-44 property damage limit ($50,000, not $40,000), Pennsylvania (no SR-22 or "DL-123" filing exists there), New York (FS-20 is the standard insurance ID card, not a DUI filing), Ohio (an OVI alone doesn't require SR-22; the SR-22 period is now 1 year), and Florida (FR-44 lasts 3 years from reinstatement; standard policies don't require bodily injury coverage).
- September 24, 2026 — Methodology published as its own page; guides now name their author.